Aperture
Aperture is the opening in the lens, created by a number of “blades” Aperture is measured in f/stops such as f/1.8 and f/32. When the aperture is set on the camera with a number such as f/1.8 the aperture diaphragm blades retract to leave a wide opening in the lens, this allows more light into the cameras sensor and also creates shallower depth of field. An aperture of f/32 makes the blades in the lens protract, this allows less light into the camera body and creates a deeper depth of field.
In these images I will demonstrate the use of depth of field within the photos by showing the same photo twice, one with a small aperture such as f/5.6 and one with an aperture of f/16 or above.
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| This was shot at f/5.0, not much of the image is in focus (about 2cm either side of the focal point which is the 0cm) |
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| Taken at f/16, more of the image is in focus (atleast 6cm more in each direction) |
Aperture
Depth of field can create great effect to your images and often make an image more pleasing to the eye. It is used in many applications, for example in a landscape you would not want the background to be blurred as the viewer will not be able to see the rest of the landscape, therefore you would use a deeper depth of field with an aperture of f/16 or higher. With portraits for example you would need to use an aperture of f/1.8 or somewhere around that value to create background blur and lure the viewer’s eye to the subject.
Depth of field can create great effect to your images and often make an image more pleasing to the eye. It is used in many applications, for example in a landscape you would not want the background to be blurred as the viewer will not be able to see the rest of the landscape, therefore you would use a deeper depth of field with an aperture of f/16 or higher. With portraits for example you would need to use an aperture of f/1.8 or somewhere around that value to create background blur and lure the viewer’s eye to the subject.
Depth of field is also altered in two other ways, one being the distance from you and the subject (the reason why macro photography tends to have minute depth of field!) The other variable is the focal length of your lens. As you are either closer or shooting at a longer focal length such as 200mm, the depth of field will decrease. If you are further away or shooting at a focal length which is short such as 18mm or a 10mm fisheye, your depth of field will incease.
This diagram explains the hyperfocal distance simply, hyperfocal distance is basically the distance either side of your focal point that is in focus. This varies with Aperture, Focal length and distance to subject. In the case of the diagram, distance to subject and focal length stay the same, the Aperture changes only.
This diagram explains the hyperfocal distance simply, hyperfocal distance is basically the distance either side of your focal point that is in focus. This varies with Aperture, Focal length and distance to subject. In the case of the diagram, distance to subject and focal length stay the same, the Aperture changes only.
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